A company sergeant major (CSM) is the senior non-commissioned soldier of a company in the armies of many Commonwealth countries, responsible for administration, standards and discipline. In combat, his prime responsibility is the supply of ammunition to the company. He also oversees the distribution of other supplies such as water or food; although that responsibility mainly is the company quartermaster sergeant's (CQMS), and evacuating the wounded and collecting prisoners of war.
For military units of the same level as company, the equivalent may be squadron sergeant major (SSM) or battery sergeant major (BSM). In the Household Cavalry, squadron corporal major (SCM) is the equivalent. First sergeant and Hauptfeldwebel are the United States Army and German Heer equivalents respectively.
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In the Canadian Forces, the CSM appointment is normally held by a Master Warrant Officer (MWO). The appointment is sometimes held by a Warrant Officer (WO), responsible for a smaller number of personnel.
In the Canadian Forces, the SSM/BSM/CSM is referred to as "Sir/Ma'am" by subordinates, or as "Sergeant Major". Superiors refer to him/her generally as "Sergeant Major" or "CSM". If the position is held by a Warrant Officer, subordinates address the CSM as "Warrant".
In the Singapore Armed Forces, the CSM appointment is usually held by a Staff Sergeant, Master Sergeant (the usual rank for a CSM of a non-HQ company) or Second Warrant Officer (the usual rank for a CSM of a battalion HQ company). He may be addressed as "CSM" by superiors, and as "Sergeant Major" (for a Staff Sergeant or Master Sergeant) or "Sir" (for a Second Warrant Officer) by subordinates. The CSM is often respectfully addressed by all as "Encik", Malay for "Mister", but the permission for junior enlisted men to do so should not be taken for granted.
Training schools sometimes refer to companies as "wings"; instead of a CSM, the wing has a Wing Sergeant Major (WSM). In the case for Officer Cadet School, WSMs are second or first warrant officers (2WO or 1WO), likely due to the greater experience required for the appointment.
The CSM is the senior Specialist in the company. He is in charge of the welfare and discipline of the Specialists and enlisted men within, and is usually has the company commander's ear. Drill and ceremonies is the CSM's responsibility. He supervises the instruction of drill by the Platoon Sergeants, and will conduct company rehearsals for parades prior to actual parade rehearsals. On the parade square, the CSM carries a black pace stick.
As an experienced senior Specialist, the CSM is expected to be an expert in the weapons and equipment employed in the company, and will assist in instruction where necessary. During exercises or operations, the CSM, aided by the Company Quartermaster Sergeant and Company Medic, is in charge of organizing the company's logistics, manpower, and medical treatment and evacuation. If necessary, he can be tasked to lead a detachment, usually comprising recoilless rifles and machine guns, to accomplish an identified task.
In the United Kingdom, CSM is an appointment held by Warrant Officers Class 2 (WO2) in the British Army and Royal Marines.
A CSM, BSM or SSM is generally addressed as "Sir" or "Ma'am" by subordinates, or "Sergeant Major". However, a cavalry SSM is often addressed as "Mr (surname)" by officers, and as "Mr (surname), Sir" by his subordinates, with the salutation "Sergeant Major" being reserved for Staff Sergeants. Typically for the British Army, protocol can vary widely between units, creating a minefield for outsiders, new recruits, and soldiers serving outside their parent regiments.
The most famous fictional example is perhaps Battery Sergeant Major Tudor Brynne 'Shut Up' Williams, portrayed by Windsor Davies in the 1970s sitcom It Ain't Half Hot Mum.
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